Baltimore’s Ordinance 610 in 1911 was a precursor to redlining across the country in the 1930s. HOLC was created as part of the New Deal in 1933 and was a division of the government which issued bonds to purchase mortgage loans.
What is redlining in Baltimore?
The practice of coloring the Black neighborhoods red, denying homeowners there fair loans and disincentivizing investment in those areas has become known as ‘redlining. ‘ And as we can see in our current map, repercussions from nearly a century ago continue to impact our city today.
When did redlining occur?
1930s
In the 1930s the federal government began redlining real estate, marking “risky” neighborhoods for federal mortgage loans on the basis of race.
When did redlining start and end?
Between 1945 and 1959, African Americans received less than 2 percent of all federally insured home loans. Banks and mortgage lenders were not the only private entities to develop redlining practices. Property insurance companies also instituted rigid redlining policies in the post-World War II period.
What caused the decline of Baltimore?
The Quasi-War with France in 1798-1800 caused major disruptions to Baltimore’s trade in the Caribbean. Finally, a yellow fever epidemic diverted ships from the port, while much of the urban population fled into the countryside. The downturn widened to include every social class and area of economic activity.
Is Baltimore gentrifying?
According to data from the US Census and the latest American Community Survey, out of 182 “potentially gentrifiable” tracts (neither upper-middle nor upper income in 2000), almost half of the predominately white tracts, but only 4 out of 110 of the largely Black tracts, actually gentrified by 2017.
What is the black butterfly in Baltimore?
Investment across Baltimore is uneven—fragmented by race, income, and geography. It is a pattern Morgan State University associate professor Lawrence Brown refers to as “the black butterfly,” an apt description of the shape of segregated black communities fanning across the city’s eastern and western halves.
How long did redlining last?
Some 40 years after the first redlining map was drawn, redlining was banned under the Fair Housing Act of 1968.
What is an example of redlining?
The most immediate effect of redlining is the wealth gap between Black and white families. According to the Brookings Institute, as of late 2020, Black households had four percent of the total household wealth in the United States compared to eighty-four percent of total household wealth for white households.
Why is it called redlining?
The term redlining came about in reference to the use of red marks on maps that loan corporations would use to outline mixed-race or African American neighbourhoods. Neighbourhoods in more-affluent areas, which were deemed the most worthy of loans, were usually outlined in blue or green.
What are 3 long term effects of redlining?
Redlining impacts are long-term and wide-ranging
These impacts, which continue today, include the health of residents, crime, income, environmental quality, and economic opportunity, with tracts originally graded ‘A’ having significantly better outcomes, and tracts graded ‘D’ having significantly worse outcomes.
When did housing discrimination start?
In the period spanning the middle of the 20th century, roughly from 1930 to 1960, housing discrimination was a feature of local, state, and federal policy as blacks migrated from the rural South and crowded into urban communities in the North.
What is redlining in simple terms?
The term has come to mean racial discrimination of any kind in housing, but it comes from government maps that outlined areas where Black residents lived and were therefore deemed risky investments.
What was happening in Baltimore in the 1960s?
Black uprisings rocketed through U.S. cities across the north in the mid to late 1960s. Baltimore’s was enormous: more than ten thousand Maryland National Guard and federal troops deployed to the city to quell the disturbances that broke out on April 6, 1968, two days after Martin Luther King, Jr.
Is Baltimore growing or shrinking?
According to 2020 census figures released recently, Baltimore city’s population fell to 585,708, down from 620,961 in 2010. That’s a loss of roughly 35,000 residents or 5.7%. To put this loss in context, the counties that surround Baltimore in the region all gained population, according to the 2020 census.
What is wrong with Baltimore city?
The American city of Baltimore, Maryland, is notorious for its significantly high crime rate which ranks well above the national average. Violent crime spiked in 2015 after the death of Freddie Gray on April 19, 2015, which touched off riots and an increase in murders.
What part of Baltimore is being gentrified?
The gentrification of Baltimore has occurred throughout the city, but particularly in the neighborhoods surrounding the Inner Harbor in Central Baltimore and East downtown Baltimore. The gentrification of Baltimore has occurred through the addition of new housing, increased commercial spaces, and more.
What areas of Baltimore are being gentrified?
The study showed gentrification was centered around the Inner Harbor — particularly areas south and east of downtown Baltimore — and along the Interstate 83 corridor. “What stands out with Baltimore compared to other areas is that most of what gentrifiedwas mostly areas that were already white,” Richardson said.
Is Baltimore a good city to invest?
Today, Baltimore is still listed as one of the best places to buy rental property for cash flow and appreciation. The economy is quickly recovering and the job market is diverse, with steady population growth and relatively affordable housing.
Is Baltimore a black city?
Majority white for most of its history, Baltimore transitioned to having a black majority in the 1970s. As of the 2010 Census, African Americans are the majority population of Baltimore at 63% of the population.
What is the racial makeup of Baltimore?
Baltimore Demographics
Black or African American: 62.26% White: 29.72% Two or more races: 3.20% Asian: 2.48%